What is trigger finger?
Trigger finger is a condition affecting the tendons that flex the fingers, resulting in locking or catching when the fingers are bent or straightened. It is commonly associated with pain, but can also be painless. Although it can affect any finger, the ring finger and thumb are most often involved. When it involves the thumb, it is called a trigger thumb.
The locking or catching is caused by inflammation and swelling of the tendon or tendon sheath, such that the tendon gets caught by bands of tissue called pulleys.
What causes trigger finger?
Trigger finger often occurs in the context of repeated forceful gripping. This can occur in certain occupations such as those which require working with tools/screw drivers, and hobbies such as gardening or racket sports.
It is also more common in people who are 40 to 60 years of age, women, and those with medical conditions such as diabetes, thyroid disease, and rheumatoid arthritis.
How is trigger finger diagnosed?
Trigger finger is generally a clinical diagnosis and no investigations are required.
Based on examination findings consistent with a trigger finger, such as a tender nodule over the A1 pulley, or the presence of typical triggering, the doctor can make the diagnosis.
How is trigger finger treated?
Treatment for trigger finger will depend on the severity and duration of symptoms.
Most trigger fingers can be managed with non-surgical methods.
This includes activity modifications to avoid the inciting activities, stretching exercises or splints. A physiotherapy visit can also be arranged.
Medications such as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) can be prescribed to reduce pain and inflammation.
If conservative measures and medications do not help, steroid injections can be administered to the affected area. Some patients recover with just one steroid injection, while others may require a repeat injection approximately 6 months later.
If the above non-surgical options are not sufficient for cure, a referral to a hand surgeon can be considered for surgery.
How can we help at Oaklife Family Clinic?
At Oaklife Family Clinic, we are able to make the diagnosis and advise on non-surgical measures, such as activity modifications, stretching exercises and splints. We are also able to prescribe appropriate medications, and if the need arises, administer steroid injections.
When necessary, a referral to a physiotherapist or hand surgeon can be arranged.
Written by Dr Lim Chong Soon Daniel on 7 August 2023.
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Disclaimer: this article is written for educational purposes and does not substitute for medical diagnosis and treatment.